The National Lgbtq Task Force Transgender - 1504 Words

When people want to be theirself, doesn t everyone deserve that chance at that much freedom? According to the national LGBTQ Task Force transgender people are not that lucky when it comes to the demographics of social media. On CNN website there s an article that discusses how transgender people are twice as likely to be unemployed and four times more likely to live in poverty compared with the general population and these disparities are much greater for transgender black and latina woman said Emanuela Grinberg writer for CNN. Today in society we judge hard on others who aren t like us. The people who decide to change their sexual identity or preference have the god willing write to pursue that. There was a story in Charlotte, North†¦show more content†¦People shouldn t have to kill themselves to become free, we as a society should make them comfortable enough to live there truth. 4.6% percent of the U.S. population has self reported suicide attempts,that number jumps to 41% for trans or gender nonconforming people according to digitalamerica.org. These stats were shocking to me, due to the fact we have celebrity transgender figures. In the hit show Orange is the new black there are lots of sexual tensions. For example one of the oscar nominated characters in the show is Laverne cox. Cox plays as an inmate in jail and she is her truth on the show which is transgender, and she is a phenomenal actress. Cox took a lot of negative talk when she first started on the show, but the show has multiple lesbian and transgender characters. Laverne Cox is an advocate speaker and goes on tours to speak to gay and transgender people. This is a positive thing to do to help some of these kids and adults realize it s okay to be different, nothing is more important than living as your true self. Cox said in an interview, â€Å" to love a transgender, is revolutionary.† â€Å"With more than 50% of transgender teens commit suicide before they even turn 20 it is clear that the societal inclination to generalize gender identity based on physical attributes present at birth results not only in the denial of basic human rights, b ut appears to be the impetus for this startling epidemic of suicide,† according to

The Reconstruction Effort That Occurred After The Civil War

The Reconstruction effort that occurred after the Civil War from 1865 - 1866 had both positive and negative effects on the nation. Leading up to the Reconstruction attempt, there was developing regional differences between the North and South. Slavery was the issue of the decade. North argued that it was inhumane, while the South was quick to point out that many Northerners benefited from slavery. The Presidential election of Lincoln lead to the succession of the South. They believed that the United States was becoming too tyrannical, much like Great Britain before the Revolutionary War. The Southern attack on Fort Sumter started the long and bloody civil war. After the Battle of Antietam, President Lincoln issued his Emancipation†¦show more content†¦The Reconstruction efforts in the South targeting social reform worked at first, but evidently led to a segregated South. The attempt for social reform involved new amendments and Freedmen’s Bureau, which caused the oppo sition to black rights. The Thirteenth Amendment abolished slavery and involuntary servitude. The creation of the Fourteenth Amendment in 1868 intended to give African Americans equal rights. It stated that anyone born in the United States was a citizen and prohibited states from making and enforcing laws that deprived people of their rights. States were not allowed to strip citizens of their liberty or property without cause. (Doc F). Lincoln recognised the plight in which the freedmen were in, so he proposed the establishment of a Freedmen s Bureau. This agency provided educational, social, and economic services to the African Americans. Many northern whites who traveled to the South with the Union army were astonished to see that many former slaves craved literacy. Many teachers who went South where white women, but by 1870, teachers both white and black were flooding South to teach former slaves. While many were delighted with the African Americans’ newfound freedom, oppo sition to black rights never fully

The Glass Menagerie Drama Reaction Paper free essay sample

The drama plot thickens once the author explains how Tom in the story took over the role as the man of the house to fill the void of his absent father. Tom has to step up and be the provider for his mother and sister in the story. Tom yearns for a better life, not because he is selfish, but because he needs to escape from a trap he must react without pity† (Williams, 2011, p. 1246-1291) and leave his family to find a meaningful existence and detach himself from self-preservation and selfish ignorance. The tragic hero theory of â€Å"Life would be better anywhere but here† (Williams, 2011, p. 246-1291) allows the readers to understand the frustration Tom is experiencing as a provider for the family. Tom just wants a change, he is not sure what the change is he is looking for, but he is just ready to be free of the captivity of his mother and sister. We will write a custom essay sample on The Glass Menagerie Drama Reaction Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Tom never expresses that he wants to escape from his family, but it is apparent that he wanted some kind of happiness just for himself. The symbol behind this play represents a way of escape between reality and illusion, for example the fire escape represents a gap between illusion and the world of reality. Tom’s perspective of the fire escape is his ticket out of his mother Amanda, and Laura his sister. Laura was the complete opposite of Tom; she was looking for a way of fitting or connecting with people because she was so unsure of herself because of her handicap. The only thing Laura has is her collection of glass menageries that are very similar to her fragile personality can easily be broken. Society had not done anything to Laura; she set herself apart from reality and remained housed without any contact with the outside world. The author captures sympathy from the audience as Laura is left vulnerable and broken seen in silliness is gone and she has dignity and tragic beauty. Followed, from then on, in my fathers footsteps, attempting to find in motion what was lost in space (Williams, 2011, p. 1246-1291) shows a chaotic and paradox situation because of the father’s absence that is a significant impact because his presence is missing in Laura’s life. Amanda, Tom mother means well, but she is not very clever in her actions. Despite Laura shyness, Amanda insists on forcing her social situations and request Tom to bring home a friend for Laura to meet. Tom brings home a friend from work and after Laura and the firned shares a kiss it is revealed that he is engaged. Once Laura informs Amanda of the friend engagement this sparks a conflict between Amanda and Tom. Tom tries to explain to Amanda and Laura he was not aware of the engagement, however, Amanda is too upset to hear him out. Amanda is wants Laura to be married or have a social life so that she can have a life of her own. Conflict and tension between Tom, Amanda, and Laura intensifies as the author conveys sympathy as the family breaks up and the sense of guilt is within them. Tom leaves his family and finally finds he is free but at the same time feels the feeling of guilt. Tom realizes that even though he found his own personal identity that he turned his back on his family when he is everything they had. Before the story ends Tom recognizes that his leaving Amanda and Laura did not change his life or bring him any happiness. Tom’s connection with the shattering glass and Laura candles signifies And say goodbye (Williams, 2011, p. 246-1291) is a symbol that Tom has managed finally to remove himself from his family. Tom’s freedom is portrayed in the beginning of the play where Laura is saying goodbye. In spite the audience’s happiness when Tom is able to be free and follow his dreams, as a result sympathy is evoked as he is no longer tied to his family. This story shows the reade rs a story of a three family members trying to find their personal identities and remain a functional family. Each character in the story is looking to find their personal happiness but struggles to do so. The family bond was broken up because of a lack of communication and understanding. Even after the family bond was broken, neither character still found the happiness they wanted. This story expresses that a person can exclude him or herself from his or her family and still not be happy, happiness comes from within. The story goes to show that the grass is not always greener on the other side. References: Barnet, S. , Burto, W. , amp; Cain, W. E. (2011). Literature for composition essays, stories, poems and plays (9th ed). pp. 1246-1291. New York: Longman.

Othello - Change Of Characters Essays (1068 words) - Othello, Iago

Othello - Change of Characters Othello's character during the play is first shown as a hero of war and a man of great pride and courage. The other main characters in the play all form their own opinions of him and as the play continues, his character begins to deteriorate and become less noble. Chronologically through the play Othello's character changes from a flawless military leader, to become a murderer. Also as the play progresses, the other characters in the play change their opinions of Othello which causes the plot to happen the way it did. Throughout the first act of the play, Othello was shown as many different characters depending on who was speaking. Iago complains of Othello's pride and "bombast circumstance" and is angered by the appointment of Cassio, and educated military theoretician of Florence to lieutenant, instead of himself. Although he knows Othello is a proud man, his open and trusting nature in the beginning of the play will be eroded by the conclusion of the plot. As Iago is speaking to Brabantio about Othello, he uses the term "white ewe" to represent Desdemona, and "black ram" when referring to Othello. By using these terms, it shows that he is trying to give a bad impression of Othello when he is speaking to the royal family in Venice, because Othello is a Moor or a Negro. Iago shows his black hatred for the Moor, and his jealousy of Cassio in his first soliloquy and also reveals his evil intentions. As the act continues and Othello is being searched for by a group of people, Iago attempts to incite Othello into anger against Brabantio, but Othello does not take the bait. He feels that he (Brabantio) may do his worst because Othello is assured that his military services to the government will outweigh Brabantio's complaints of him marrying Desdemona. These answers to Iago's persistence show that he is still a character of calmness and dignity, and he still has the self-assurance suitable to command armies of men. When Othello is found by Cassio, he seems to be relieved because he does not like personal conflict, which would have occurred if Brabantio had found him instead. After he is found, Othello is taken to Brabantio where he is interrogated on how he possessed Desdemona enough in order to make her run off with him. Brabantio damns Othello and calls him an enchanter, saying that the "tender, fair, and happy" Desdemona was too shy of marriage, which is why she shunned all of the suitors sent to her. This entire scene helps to establish Othello as an alert and composed leader. Later in this act, Othello offers to explain how he won Desdemona. He chooses not to contradict or deny that he has used "magic" but when the true meaning of the "magic" comes to light it is shown that he used the magic of love and not a conjured magic. Iago also suspects Othello of having some kind of relationship with his own wife, although he doesn't know or even seem to care whether or not his suspicions have any foundation at all. Again, according to Iago, Othello is an "ass" because he has a "free and open nature." This act works as an introduction to the Othello character and shows how other characters react to his presence in different ways. The remaining acts of the play continue to show how the characters react to Othello's lifestyle changes. Even though he must rid Cassio of his lieutenant responsibilities forever, Othello explains how he still loves him. If it were up to him Othello would have reinstated Cassio at the first opportunity, but this would be bad political practice. He wishes to appease Desdemona by doing this but he realizes that he can't. These practices show that he is a good governor and does not wish to arouse hostilities in the city, with an untimely pardon of Cassio. Desdemona tells Emilia that Othello is not the jealous type, which Othello believes to be true himself. However, as the play progresses through Act 3, Othello talks to Iago telling him that their prior conversation gave him reason to suspect Desdemona's motives. As

Free Essays on X-rays

x-rays X-rays were first discovered in 1895 by Wilhelm Conrad Rà ¶ntgen who was a german physicist. During experiments with electric currents passing through a vacuum tube, Wilhelm Conrad Rà ¶ntgen observed that a nearby fluorescent screen glowed when the current was being passed. After turning on high voltage current, Wilhelm Conrad Rà ¶ntgen noticed a green glow and the fogging of photographic plates. He then tried covering the tube with black paper reassuring that no light would pass through. Still, something came through that affected the photographic plate. He noted this effect being caused by unknown rays which in turn he later called X-rays, X being used as the unknown rays. Soon after Wilhelm Conrad Rà ¶ntgen took an x-ray of his wife’s hand. The wedding ring appeared on the picture and had completely blocked out the x-rays. This is the reason that they appear black. This new form of radiation created a great interest in both the scientific field and public sector. What are x-rays and what are they used for? X-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation. X-rays have high energy and short wavelength and are able to pass through tissue. Going through the body, the denser tissues, such as the bones, will block more of the rays than will the less dense tissues, such as the lung. The shorter the wavelength the greater its energy and its penetrating power. In the Webster dictionary an x-ray is defined as, â€Å"a radiation of the same nature as light rays but of extremely short wavelength, that is generated by the striking of a stream of electrons against a metal surface in a vacuum, and that is able to penetrate through various thickness of solids† x-ray pictures are also known as radiographs. A special type of photographic film is used to record X-ray pictures. The X-rays are converted into light and the more energy that has reached the recording system, the darker that region of the film will be. This is why the... Free Essays on X-rays Free Essays on X-rays x-rays X-rays were first discovered in 1895 by Wilhelm Conrad Rà ¶ntgen who was a german physicist. During experiments with electric currents passing through a vacuum tube, Wilhelm Conrad Rà ¶ntgen observed that a nearby fluorescent screen glowed when the current was being passed. After turning on high voltage current, Wilhelm Conrad Rà ¶ntgen noticed a green glow and the fogging of photographic plates. He then tried covering the tube with black paper reassuring that no light would pass through. Still, something came through that affected the photographic plate. He noted this effect being caused by unknown rays which in turn he later called X-rays, X being used as the unknown rays. Soon after Wilhelm Conrad Rà ¶ntgen took an x-ray of his wife’s hand. The wedding ring appeared on the picture and had completely blocked out the x-rays. This is the reason that they appear black. This new form of radiation created a great interest in both the scientific field and public sector. What are x-rays and what are they used for? X-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation. X-rays have high energy and short wavelength and are able to pass through tissue. Going through the body, the denser tissues, such as the bones, will block more of the rays than will the less dense tissues, such as the lung. The shorter the wavelength the greater its energy and its penetrating power. In the Webster dictionary an x-ray is defined as, â€Å"a radiation of the same nature as light rays but of extremely short wavelength, that is generated by the striking of a stream of electrons against a metal surface in a vacuum, and that is able to penetrate through various thickness of solids† x-ray pictures are also known as radiographs. A special type of photographic film is used to record X-ray pictures. The X-rays are converted into light and the more energy that has reached the recording system, the darker that region of the film will be. This is why the...

Martin Luther King Jr. Essay essays

Martin Luther King Jr. Essay essays Martin Luther King, Jr.'s birthday was first agknowledged as a national holiday in 1986. However, his life had become a part of Americans for years before this. To many African Americans whose rights he helped expand, to many other minorities whose lives his victories touched, and to many whites who welcomed the changes his leadership brought, Mr. King's life seemed overwhelming even as he lived it. He is celebrated as a hero not only for the eyes he's opened, but for his dreams and hopes he shared during a time of change. After long training in the North, Mr. King returned to his home, becoming a pastor of Dexter Avenue Baptist Church in Montgomery, Alabama. Mr. King became the leader of the Montgomery Bus Boycott when it broke out in 1955. That year long non-violent protest, which led to a Supreme Court ruling against bus segregation, brought Mr. King to the attention of the entire country. The occurances immediately following were less successful, but still provided Mr. King with the opportunity to strengthen his protest strategies. Then, in 1963, Mr. King and the SCLC (Southern Christian Leadership Conference) joined a campaign in Birmingham, Alabama to end segregation there and to force downtown businesses to allow blacks to work. Peaceful protests were not long after met by fire hoses and attack dogs, joined by local police. Images of this violence broadcast on national news, began an outrage, and this reaction stirred the political atmosphere, and the next year President Lyndon Johnson signed into law the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Meanwhile the SCLC was repeating the tactics of Birmingham in Selma, Alabama but this time for the African American voter registration. Once again, images of the police brutality because of the protest helped the passage of federal legislation, this time the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The community of black activists felt that these two major victories set the limit of what gains could still ...

Business Research Individual Work 1 Week 9 Essay

Business Research Individual Work 1 Week 9 - Essay Example CAT advances the previous technology, enables researcher to accurately report the coder reliability as well as validity, and encourages different new strategies that can be used for data analysis that are much simpler among other things. The data to be coded can be uploaded in CAT in different formats such as zip file, plain text files or even as xml-based files. With this technology, even after uploading the files that need coding, the researcher can trace the coding process and easily monitor its progress (Lu and Shulman, 2008). The other coding technological advance is the Computer Assisted Coding which is most effective on coding and data that is health related. The CAC coding technology is effective because it assists in analyzing gaps in health care, finding out the most appropriate use and costs as well as aid in providing better data results to evidence based medicine. It takes a very short time in analyzing the codes uploaded to the system which is helpful with records, it recalls the data coded within a period of six months hence enabling validation of the records and making it more reliable that traditional coding methods and it is very accurate and precise in its results (Dougherty, Seabold and White, 2013). Lastly is the barcode technology which is one of the most common ways of coding information and it is also easier to retrieve the information coded for analysis later on and discreetly for that matter as well. Information is stored in a series of white and black lines which are codes with numbers which represents specific information about the product after it has been researched. A barcode scanner then reads and translates the bar code into textual information which can then be analyzed or compared to others. This type of coding technology can be used in any setting from healthcare to the food industry to clothes industry among many others. There are

Group Work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Group Work - Essay Example The main objective of formation of this group was to assist various individuals within the institute and outside too in organizing various events like seminars, workshops, conferences, concerts, and various other formal and informal gatherings in a professional mode. The true objectives associated with this set up were many but the major ones are listed as below: There are very fewer set ups that offer opportunities to earn and learn simultaneously, and this set up was one of them. Apart from the earn and learn concept, it also allowed the members to associate themselves with various firms that needed events organized and managed, and allowed creating contacts in various industry for sponsorships and other related activities. The rationale for the creating of such a group was the recognized need; as witnessed in the career sections of the newspapers, the demand for event organizing and management individuals was growing rapidly not just in the home town but across the continent. Considering the same aspect, it was realized that having such a set up would provide home grounds for learning and making most of this opportunity, as it was foreseeable that this experience would tremendously contribute as we graduate and move in the jobs market. It was also felt that formation of this group and serving this category is a niche that is lacking in the market today. It was felt that firms hire individuals as event managers or event coordinators and once hired, they perform all the tasks and keep coordinating with the concerned department or to a particular person in the firm, while this hired individual has no command but the role of a coordinator. It was realized that formation of such a group would eventually as sist firms in outsourcing any events to be planned, managed or organized. Our job relates to social work because often charity organizations are involved in organizing various programs and

Similar to Liberation Christology Essay Example for Free

Similar to Liberation Christology Essay Until recently, traditional Christian theology was interpreted only by white males. In a modern world things are changing. In her book Consider Jesus, Elizabeth Johnson states that women â€Å"are waking up to their own dignity and finding their own voice† (page 97). Despite the feminist theology movement that Johnson describes, sexism and male dominance is embedded in the culture of the Catholic Church. Women will have equal rights under canon law, the problem is â€Å"Time†, the same thought process of 100 years ago is still active in the Church today. Only when the new generations of clergy is in place can change come. When it comes to the Christological interpretation woman voices can strengthen the debate, but it will take many generations for the old establishment to give way to an equal gender hierarchy. This is a strong argument, because in order for the old establishment to change and accept women, women need to make an effort to actively work to reform the current hierarchy. Johnson describes feminist theology as â€Å"Faith†¦being reflected upon explicitly from the perspective and experience of women† (page 97). Similar to Liberation Christology, in which poor and oppressed have a unique theological interpretation, in feminist theology the dominated group is women who begin to take part in the debate from their unique perspective. There are two main categories of feminist theology. The first is revolutionary feminist theology. As the word revolutionary implies these groups of women are quite radical and completely disassociate themselves with tradition rather than trying to change the minds of the male dominated theology. They do not acknowledge a male deity; instead they worship a female God, a goddess. They do not dwell on Jesus Christ because he was male. Usually these women split from the church and form their own groups arguing that the church is hopelessly stuck in its patriarchal ways. Johnson does not place much importance on these revolutionary feminists because this group has cut themselves off from the Church. The second category of feminist theology is reformist feminist theology. These women share the belief with the revolutionary feminists that there is a â€Å"male-dominated character of the Christian tradition† (p98), but instead of separating from the church, they choose to work from the inside to â€Å"seek the dismantling of the patriarchy and equal justice† (page 98). This approach could be described as â€Å"you catch more flies with honey than you do with vinegar†. Reformists work passively within the church to create change, not trying to dominate but with a view of the earth as shared, where â€Å"the dream of a new heaven and a new earth takes hold†¦ with no one group dominating and no one group subordinated, but each person in his or her own right participating according to their gifts, without preconceived stereotyping, in genuine mutuality† (page 99). The revolutionary theologians approach will ultimately lead to change, because as women are becoming more accepted in positions of power and authority outside of the church, they will become more accepted inside the church. The number of women in post-secondary education and federal government is higher than ever before. These are positive changes, but this kind of change in the church is still years away. Women are half of the human race yet seem to be overlooked in most of human history. The traditional patriarchal structure has defined women’s status and position in society. Reformists hope is to transform this traditional belief that women are second class citizens when in fact they have been just as influential in social as well as in Christological history. Mary Magdalene, the â€Å"apostle to the apostles† (109) and the other women of the Bible are â€Å"given several times in the gospels but have become a forgotten part of the story† (109). How is it that they were so important back then, yet so left out of the debate today? Perhaps our evolution as a male-dominated society has spilled over into the church – woman by no fault of their own were not allow to attend school or a higher level after high school, this alone caused a gap for woman in the church. The bible was written and interpreted by males while woman were denied economic, legal, and educational rights, â€Å"A prejudice is the inability to deal with the otherness of people who are different from what is considered â€Å"oneself†. In patterns of androcentric thinking the male is centered. These samplings are what influences canon law and has shaped Catholic tradition†. (p100 101) The consequence of sexism for woman is a lack of self-esteem and self-confidence; for men it is a narrow band of human characteristics; strong, rational, in control. (p 102) If the sexism could stop, society as a whole could benefit.

Unilever Case Analysis Essay -- Business Marketing Case Study, solutio

This analysis consists of three parts: External Assessment, Internal Assessment, and Aalysis & Recommendations External Assessment   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Although Unilever’s Path to Growth strategy involves all components of the general environment, two segments that are especially relevant are the global and sociocultural segments. A major strength of the company’s global environment is its geographic diversification of its major product markets. In 2003, Unilever had sales and marketing efforts in 88 different countries. The key is that it gave decision-making power to its managers in different countries so that they could tailor their products to the market’s specific preferences and consumers’ local tastes. Thus, it was the cross-country preferences of consumers that determined what products Unilever would carry. The global segment provides an enormous opportunity for Unilever. The case states that emerging country markets show the greatest potential for sales growth. Major competitors such as Procter & Gamble and Kraft Foods had sales in roughly 140 to 150 different countries in 200 3, and Nestle, Unilever’s main rival, had market penetration in almost every country in the world. If Unilever is able to expand its operations into 50 or more new countries and concentrate its advertising campaign on consumer preferences, it could significantly increase its market share in the global economy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another important piece of Unilever’s general environment is the sociocultural segment. One of the company’s founding values is understanding and improving consumers’ lives. A major strength of Unilever lies in its ability to anticipate consumer trends and demands and then cater to their needs. For example, market research indicated that nutrition was the number one concern in the United States, Germany, and the United Kingdom, and that weight was the number three concern. The focus of peoples’ attitudes became living healthier lifestyles. To move with the trend Unilever acquired SlimFast. SlimFast was the U.S. market leader in the weight management and nutritional supplement industry, with a 45% market share. The acquisition seemed promising in the beginning. Approximately 94% of SlimFast’s sales were in North America, which presented a huge opportunity to diversify into foreign markets such as Germany and the United Kingdom. Un fortunately the healthy lifestyle that peop... ...l investment costs. Unilever would likely have to spend millions just to enter a new country. It would have to deal with different governments and laws and regulations as well. If such investments were to go sour, Unilever could find itself with millions or even billions of dollars/euros of fixed costs in an unprofitable country.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lastly, Unilever should focus on restructuring SlimFast and turning it into a profitable part of the company. One of Unilever’s major strengths is its ability to acquire and then integrate new firms. Unilever should focus its marketing and R&D departments towards finding products that will satisfy consumer needs. It needs to focus on healthy, low carbohydrate drinks and diet bars to get it back atop the market. At first, success could be measured in terms of whether or not SlimFast once again becomes profitable. If it achieves profitability, then it can measure success based upon market share. Some possible disadvantages would be compromising SlimFast’s values and principals. SlimFast is a company that used only natural ingredients in its products. If the company does not buy in to the new strategy, then the whole restructuring could be a disaster.

Person Centred Risk Essay

Traditional methods of risk assessment are full of charts and scoring systems, but the person, their objectives, dreams and life seem to get lost somewhere in the pages of tick boxes and statistics. A person centred approach seeks to focus on people’s rights to have the lifestyle that they chose, including the right to make ‘bad’ decisions. see more:explain how to encourage the individual to take positive risks while maintaining safety The approach described here uses person centred thinking tools, to help people and those who care about them most think in a positive and productive way about how to ensure that they can achieve the changes they want to see while keeping the issue of risk in its place. This in essence is a process to gather, in partnership with the person, the fullest information and evidence to demonstrate that we have thought deeply about all the issues involved. Decisions are then guided by what is important to the person, what is needed to keep them healthy and safe and on what the law says. Papers and Articles Supported Decision Making A key part of risk is decision making. We have co-written a booklet on Supported Decision Making. To view this booklet see the downloads box on the left. A Positive Approach to Risk Requires Person Centred Thinking Max Neill, Julie Allen, Neil Woodhead, Stephen Reid, Lori Irwin and Helen Sanderson 2008 This article looks at the issue of risk in the lives of people who are supported by human services. More accurately, it looks at how the issue of risk, as it has traditionally been approached by these services, imposes a barrier to social inclusion and to an interesting and productive life. The article also proposes an alternative person centred risk process that by beginning with a focus on who the person is, their gifts and skills, and offering a positive vision of success, could avoid the implied aversion to any form of risk embedded in the traditional approaches and attitudes. The full exposition of this process is described in the ‘Person Centred Risk Course Book’ (Allen et al 2008). The problems of traditional risk assessment are becoming increasingly recognised by people who use human services, their families and carers, and now by many service providers, who are looking for alternative approaches to risk: ‘thorough, professional, personalised risk management’ (Bates and Silberman 2007 p6) that recognise that life and risk are inseparable, and that look at risk from the point of view of the person, their family and friends and the wider community, rather than solely from the point of view of the service provider. Bates and Silberman argue that any such positive approach to risk would need to meet a number of requirements, and see it as the ‘holy grail’ of mental health and other services. The authors of this article have been working on applying Person Centred Thinking Tools to the issue of risk, building them in to a ‘Person Centred Approach to Risk’. We believe this alternative approach does not lose the person in a sea of tick boxes and charts, that it has a more balanced approach to risk, having an inbuilt assumption that the purpose of any risk assessment is just as much about the happiness of the person, their family and the community as it is about their safety. We also believe that the ‘Person Centred Approach to Risk’ can be demonstrated to meet all the requirements set by Bates and Silberman in their article, and that it provides a productive way for many people who wish to take meaningful steps forward in their lives, but find themselves trapped in a boring unproductive and segregated lifestyles by traditional service-centred approaches to risk. Finally we argue that any positive approach to risk must include the basic tenets of all Person Centred Approaches; keeping the person at the centre, treating family and friends as partners, a focus on what is important to the person, an intent to build connections with the community, being prepared to go beyond conventional service options, and continuing to listen and learn with the person. What is ‘Risk’? The experience of many people who have to rely on human services for their support is that ‘risk’ is the reason given to them by services why they cannot do the things that other people are doing every day. When we delve into the word ‘risk’, we find that it has a multitude of meanings, and that it is nowhere near as clear and precise as the advocates of traditional risk assessment assert, for example Hansson (2002) identifies five different common uses for the word risk, and Ekberg points out a â€Å"proliferation of risk definitions† and a whole range of different understandings of risk (2007 p345). Risk literature often separates ‘risk’ from ‘uncertainty’, defining the risk as a measurable probability that something will happen, however, even where experts claim they can give an exact probability value to a risk, there is always a possibility that the experts may be wrong (Hansson 2002 p4). In common usage the words ‘risk’ and ‘uncertainty’ are often synonymous (Lupton 1999 p9) Risk is sometimes used as a verb: a person ‘risks’ doing something, and sometimes a noun: a person is labelled as being a ‘risk to society’. The drive for a single definition of ‘Risk’ has been described as â€Å"a futile form of linguistic imperialism† (Hansson 2000 p3), he argues that risk in it’s popular usage is just as valid as the narrow technical values attached to the term, as this allows the inclusion of philosophical and ethical values, the bargaining and compromises that are excluded from â€Å"the expert-driven risk analysis process† but are essential for social and political decision making processes (ibid pp5-8). Risk decision making is often complicated by the fact that the person or group taking the decision is not always the person or group affected by the risk. Hansson argues that â€Å"risks are inextricably connected with interpersonal relationships. They do not just ‘exist’; they are taken, run or imposed† (2000 p4). Differences in power and status affect the extent to which people influence risk decision making – the views of developers wishing to build a dam across a river may well be given more weight than those of people living nearby that river. Where a person with less power and status might wish to take a risk, and the consequences of that risk would affect more powerful people, it is more likely that they will be prevented from taking it. This is the problem faced by people supported by services and professionals, where those services and professionals fear various real and imagined consequences to them of the risk taking of the people they support. www.helensandersonassociates.co.uk This problem is deepened in modern society as the power of the news media can mean that the unpredictable actions of an individual can now have an amplified impact on the reputation of services, and on political and corporate institutions. Services that are now becoming increasingly concerned with ‘reputational risk management’ find that this demands â€Å"The risk management of everything† (Power 2004 p36). In the case of human services, this means an ever more intrusive and obsessive focus on every aspect of the lives, behaviours and potential behaviours of the people they support. It can also mean the increasing ‘proceduralisation’ of work, as defensive practice and blame avoidance (ibid p46) become more important than the particular lives of individual people. Risk can become a highly charged and politically loaded issue. The parties involved can have very different interests at stake in debates about particular risks, and these can often be prone to become full on conflicts, leading to different parties taking entrenched positions that prevent cooperation, agreement and action and further trap the person. Person Centred Approaches, with their focus on the person and strategy of building an alliance of supporters around the person can often cut across this entrenchment and generate new and creative ways forward, providing that services are prepared to face this challenge. This is now being recognised by government departments, the Department of Health publication ‘Independence Choice and Risk’ wholeheartedly commends person centred approaches for everyone because they â€Å"identify what is important to a person from his or her own perspective and find appropriate solutions† (DOH 2007 p4) Regulators too want to see the balance of risk decision making shifting toward â€Å"supporting individuals who choose to take informed risks in order to improve the quality of their lives†( CSCI 2006 pvii) in this case CSCI are talking about older people, but this shift in attitude to risk is being advocated for all services that offer health or social care to human beings. For the purposes of this article, we are considering ‘risk’ as it presents to people that use services – any issue, real or imagined, which is being used as an objection to their moving toward increased inclusion in community life. What is Wrong with Traditional Risk Assessment? A focus on risk â€Å"encourages practitioners to look for what is going wrong rather than what is going right† (Booth and Booth 1998 p205) Traditional technocratic and spuriously ‘objective’ approaches to risk ‘lose the person’ – philosophically they treat the person as an object to be assessed by the ‘experts’ rather than as an agent in their own lives, part of a family, community, society, with legal rights and choices. They focus on what is wrong with the person, often treating the person as a problem to be managed rather than a person to be enabled to fulfil their ambitions and offer a contribution to society. Alaszewski and Alaszewski (2002) argue that â€Å"If agencies and their employees take a narrow hazard approach to risk, they will contribute to the disempowerment of people with learning disabilities† Power (2004) calls for ‘intelligent’ risk management that does not â€Å"swamp managerial attention and independent critical imagination† is characterised by â€Å"learning and experiment rather than rule based processes† and which can be sustained subject to challenge, questioning and criticism (p61), while the Better Regulation Commission has called for an emphasis in risk management on â€Å"resilience, self reliance, freedom, innovation and a spirit of adventure† (BRC 2006 p3). The government too is calling for â€Å"A culture of choice that entails responsible, supported decision making† (Lewis 2007 p1) and calls for everyone involved in the lives of people who use services to â€Å"work together to help people achieve their potential without compromising their safety† (ibid p2). To give proper balanced consideration to issues of risk and achievement in the diverse and complex lives of human beings, we need an entirely different approach from the methods that services use to ‘risk assess’ their hoists, fridges and kettles. Bates and Silberman’s ‘Holy Grail’ Criteria. Bates and Silberman have described effective risk management as the â€Å"‘holy grail’ of mental health and other care services† (2007 p6) They see it as finding an integrated balance between â€Å"positive risk taking† around the values of autonomy and independence and a policy of protection for the person and the community based on minimising harm. While they do not give an exact description of what such an approach would look like, they give a list of 7 criteria that any such approach would have to fulfil, these being: Involvement of Service Users and Relatives in Risk Assessment. Positive and Informed Risk Taking. Proportionality. Contextualising Behaviour. Defensible Decision Making. A Learning Culture. Tolerable Risks. A Person Centred Approach To Risk There are many different tools and approaches available to support Person Centred Thinking, many of which have come from ‘deconstructing’ the processes of Smull and Sanderson’s (2005) ‘Essential Lifestyle Planning’ approach, while some have come from other strands in the growing family of Person Centred Approaches and by early work applying person centred approaches to risk by Duffy and Kinsella (Kinsella 2000). Practitioners of Person Centred Approaches who were unsatisfied with the traditional repertoire of Risk Management tools have begun to recombine these Person Centred Tools in innovative and creative ways, and to apply them to thinking, acting and learning around real risk situations. The learning from this experience, reflection and discussion has been refined and crystallised into a process that can be shared and applied constructively to different risk situations, bringing together people who use services and the people who know and care about them most to think about how they wish to move forward and the risks involved; making decisions, taking actions and learning together. We have called this process a ‘Person Centred Approach to Risk’ (Allen et al 2008). In this section we will look at the ‘holy grail’ criteria put forward by Bates and Silberman and show how we believe the Person Centred Approach to Risk fulfils these criteria. â€Å"Involvement of service users and relatives in risk assessment†: Involving the person concerned and the people that care about them most is one of the most fundamental tenets of any person centred approach. The process we have put together considers carefully the people that need to be involved, using the ‘Relationship Circle’ to help the person and their allies identify key people who could form the persons ‘circle of support’. This group of people is involved from the outset, in the initial gathering of information, in the framing of what the risk under discussion actually is, in thinking that generates ideas and solutions, in evaluating these solutions, in decision making around the risk, in implementing the actions and in the learning that takes place during these actions. Bates and Silberman suggest that â€Å"staff must understand what service users and others want, how they view their own risks and what responsibilities each person has in managing risks effectively† (2007 p7). The Person Centred Approach meets this by asking for a clear picture of what the person wishes to achieve, why this is important to the person, what success would look like, a history of the risk and uses the ‘doughnut’ tool and decision making agreement tools to look at staff roles and responsibilities, and at who will be responsible for different important decisions in relation to the risk. â€Å"Positive and informed risk taking†: The process is built around a positive view of the person – it seeks to learn what the person’s gifts and skills are, what people like and admire about them, as well as investigating what would be necessary to keep them and others safe while taking the risk. The process is based on finding creative solutions rather than simply ruling things out. Bates and Silberman argue here that quality of life should be â€Å"maximised while people and communities are kept as safe as can be reasonably expected within a free society† (2007 p7). Thinking around what it would take to keep the person and others safe while taking the risk is a key part of the Positive and Productive Process, as is the use of the ‘Happy/Safe’ grid, which looks at how much solutions would make the person happy, by meeting what is important to them, and how much they would keep them and others safe, by meeting what is important for them. One section of the process includes a question â€Å"What does the law say?† (Allen et al 2008 p20) enabling the process to be informed by the current law, including legislation such as the Human Rights Act. â€Å"Proportionality†: â€Å"The management of the risk must match the gravity of potential harm† (ibid p8) Using the person centred thinking tools means flexibility. The more serious the issue, the more people and the more time can be spent considering it in greater detail. Unlike conventional risk assessment, the approach explores the consequences of NOT taking the risk, to the person, to their family, community and services, balancing these against the potential consequences of taking the risk. â€Å"Contextualising Behaviour†: â€Å"why did the person behave in this way? At this time? In this Situation?†(ibid p8) Part of the process involves gathering together previous information about the person, including a history of the person’s experience of the risk issue from their own perspective, as well as other historical data, gleaned from a variety of sources including learning logs which look at what has worked and what has not worked in particular situations, and communication charts which explore a person’s words and behaviours, seeking their meanings and considering what the best response to these messages should be. The ‘4+1 Questions’ (What have we tried? what have we learned? What are we pleased about? what are we concerned about?) help not only to gain an understanding of a person’s behaviour in different contexts, but also to build a picture of what has been learned about what is the best support for that person. â€Å"Defensible Decision Making†: â€Å"there is an explicit and justifiable rationale for the risk management decisions† (Ibid p8): Following the person centred approach generates a clear trail of written records of what has been discussed, the different perspectives, issues and solutions that have been considered, along with any legal issues, such as the human rights act or the mental health act that might affect the risk decision. The paperwork generated during the process provides a clear rationale for why the decisions that emerge during the process have been taken, and why other options have been rejected. The rationale for decision making is also more clearly expounded and recorded than in traditional risk assessment forms in common usage. â€Å"A Learning Culture† The positive and productive approach to risk has a deep emphasis within it on ongoing learning using learning and reflective tools like the learning log, the 4+1 Questions and What’s Working/What’s not working, and by clearly defining for staff their core duties and their zone of judgement and creativity in relation to the risk. If it is part of a serious and concerted attempt by services to change their philosophy and practice in a person centred direction, it can contribute significantly to building a learning culture within organisations. â€Å"Tolerable Risks† A key aspect of the Person Centred Approach is that it uses creative thinking techniques around methods to mitigate the risk and improve quality of life, moving from situations which make the person happy but unsafe, to where they and the community are safer, and from strategies where the person is ‘safe but unhappy’, to where they can be happier. Experience of using the process is that it enables participants to take a more balanced and rational approach to risk, finding ways to enable the person to achieve what is important to them while considering what keeps that person and the community safe in a way that makes sense for that individual.

English Coursework †Titanic Essay

Many people across the world watch films. It is so popular because it puts a story on the screen and into life so that people can see it. People watch films for the entertainment value, or are simply too lazy to read and enjoy the magic of a book. The advantages of watching a film at the cinema rather than on video is the bigger screen, and the surround sound, also the atmosphere. This all adds up and creates a bigger impact than a video. People make films to tell a story or get a message across, such as â€Å"Pearl Harbour,† which tells us the story of a real historical event through the eyes of a fictional love story, very much like â€Å"Titanic.† Or â€Å"Shrek,† which puts a message across through the tale. Some films are just made purely for entertainment value, or to make money, such as the Harry Potter films, that were built up from a very popular book franchise. In film they use different camera shots for different reasons, such as:- > Close Up – with this shot, you can see the emotion on the face of the character; they use it to show the emotion more clearly. > Long Shot – The use this type of camera angle to show a large shot of the set or in the case of â€Å"Titanic† the boat. > Point of view shot – These are used to show you what the character can see, a good example of this in â€Å"Titanic† is when Rose is stood on the end of the boat looking out to sea, > Medium Shot – These show the characters body and face, and are used a lot. > Zoom in/out – These can be used to show a long shot of the set and then zoom in to show the emotion on the characters face instead of switching from Long shot to Close-up. > Panning – This can be used to show a large area, or a when a character is walking. An example of this on â€Å"Titanic† is when they go from the back of the boat to the front. They also use Sound Effect to make what is happening sound more real, such as an explosion or band. They also use backing tracks, which can be used to emphasise the emotion a character is feeling. For example, if it was sad, they might use a love song. They use costume to show you what time something was set it, or the class of the people, particularly shown in â€Å"Titanic,† as Jack is very poor and Rose is rich. The characters who wear the costumes are also very important. They have to look the part and sound the part, not just be able to read the lines. They have to act the way a person of that time would. For my GCSE coursework, I will be writing a Media essay on â€Å"Titanic,† which was directed by James Caremon. It was made in 1997, and was the most expensive film made at the time. It won many awards, and is one of the great love stories told, based on a real historical event. The Titanic was quoted as being â€Å"Titanic, wasn’t just another ship, it was bigger, faster, and more luxurious than any other ship before her.† She had two sister ships, The Olympic and The Britannic, all of which were owned by White Star Line, a series of very luxurious ships. It was built in Harland and Wolff Shipyard, and was 882 ft 6 inches, by 92 ft 6 inches. It had 2212 people onboard, 20 lifeboats, which only had room for 1178 people. This was because they thought that the ship was â€Å"un-sinkable,† and didn’t think they needed more. It only had 705 survivors after it sank. The Titanic was under the control or Captain E.J Smith, a much respected Captain. Some people would not travel if the boat was not under his control. It set sail on April 10th 1912 from Cherbourg France, to Queensland Ireland, and then continued out to sea. Titanic sank at 2.20am, on April 15th. The Titanic sank because it hit an ice berg, which pierced its hull and flooded it, making it sink. Captain Smith had ignored the iceberg warnings. This was The Titanic’s maiden voyage. Disaster is defined as â€Å"sudden or great misfortune,† this means something that happens, which usually kills a lot of people, this could also be linked to tragedy, which is defined as â€Å"sad event; dramatic, literature word dealing with serious, sad topic,† which I think means when something bad happens, which brings sorrow, not necessarily to just one person. I think that the amount of people does alter the seriousness of a disaster because it makes it harder to cope with. A Man-Made disaster is something that man has inflicted upon itself, such as when the Twin Towers got destroyed, many people died. I think that a man-made disaster is sometimes worse that a natural one, because you can’t stop a natural disaster, but to inflict one, is just wrong. I think that James Cameron’s depiction of â€Å"Titanic† is very accurate to the real event. Although he told us the story through the eyes of a romantic tale, all the facts are very accurate. The times, the date, the crew, even the people who were on board, such as John Jacob Astor who was the richest person on the ship, is in the film. All of the crew bare a striking resemblance to the real people and are names the same, particularly in the case of Captain Smith. The Real Captain E.J Smith – Captain E.J Smith in the film The numbers of people that died and the ways that they died are very accurate, many people froze in the water, and other chose to go down with the ship. Also the musicians, who are in the film, go down playing, which was noted by the survivors. I think that we are told the real historical every through a love story because it gets us more involved, we can relate to the characters and it opens out emotions more when the tragedy happens. I think that the opening of a film is important because it draws the person in. In â€Å"Shrek† it is funny, which makes the person want to watch more, and also shows you that it is a comedy film. The titles tend to show you what type of film a film is. It also shows you what time period it is set in, and what genre it is. They usually have the theme song for the film on in the background. In the case of â€Å"Titanic† there is the slow adaption of the theme song playing, and the real shot filmed of the real Titanic. I think this shows you that it will be a sad film, but the pace of the music. It then switches into the film and does a panning shot of the film, to show you how big and magnificent it is. Also the reaction of the people towards it, which shows you that it is even magnificent for them, even though it is set in their time period. Setting is important, because it shows is where and when the film is set. A good example of this in â€Å"Titanic,† is the way the different groups of people are treated at the beginning. The rich are aloud to stroll onto the boat, with their luggage being taken care of, bringing dog and other pets. Whereas the poor have to go through lice inspections just to get on, but the rich can bring animals. This shows you how people were treated and in what time period it is set, and is typical of Edwardian England. Rose is first introduced to us twice, ages 101 and when she was younger going onboard Titanic. When she is older, I think she seems like a very normal nice old woman, mid-class and has a caring family. Whereas the younger Rose seems like a bit of a snob by the way she reacts to the Titanic when she first sees it. She is obviously very rich, and leads an upper-class life. We can tell that she is a nice person, even though she wears a â€Å"snob mask† at the beginning of the film, later on we find out the true her. She is shown as someone who is not afraid to ask questions, unlike many women of that time. She asks about the lifeboats and their capacities. When we first meet Jack, he is gambling in a bar. We can tell that he is poor and doesn’t have much to his name. We can tell that he is very cunning by the way he plays cards and wins. He is shown as a very nice person who cares deeply for Rose. He doesn’t seem to care about the class rules, which shows he is a true romantic because he is willing to defy those rules for love. He cares very much about Rose and her safety, even over his own. This is shown at the end, when he lets her sit on the floating table, while he stays in the water, knowing that he will freeze to death. Cal is Rose’s fiancà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ and is introduced getting out of his very expensive car and getting his man servant to do favours for him. This shows us that he is very rich and has some power. He is shown as quite a snob, and only wants Rose as a trophy on his arm. He is selfish and hits her if she does wrong. He doesn’t agree with Rose’s friendship with Jack, which later turns into love. Molly Brown is shown as quite a loud mouth and is not liked very much by some of the rich people because she was not brought up with money, she is what they called â€Å"new money† her husband struck rich recently, and they did not like this. She is shown as a very nice woman because she helps out Jack when he is going to the dinner with them. Rose’s Mother is shown as a snob; all she seems to care about is the way that her family is seen and how much money they have. She wants Rose to marry Cal just so she can have money again. She doesn’t seem to care much about Rose or her feelings, but in the end we find out how distraught she is about Rose not getting in the lifeboat when she has the chance and shows her true feelings. Mr. Andrews in the man responsible for making the Titanic, he is so sure that it will not sick, and doesn’t put enough life boats onboard. He is shown as a very kind man, who cares very much for Rose. He helps her to safety when the ship is sinking, but does not get on a lifeboat himself. I think this is because distraught about his ship sinking and by the fact that there weren’t enough life boats, which he decided, and now people would die because of the decision. Mr. Ismay, was the designer of Titanic, he just wanted the fame by having her in the news, he pushed the engines too hard by making them go faster and faster when they didn’t need to. If the Titanic wasn’t going so fast she might have been able to turn in time and not crash. Ismay is shown as a coward in the film, he is expected to go down with the ship, but instead he jumps on a lifeboat when no one is looking. The Captain is shown as a very important and respected man. Although it was Ismay who suggested going faster, is was the Captain that made it so. I think that he is depicted as quite a noble man because he goes down with the ship. Rose and Jack first properly meet at the back of the ship when Rose is about to commit suicide. He shows his caring by telling her that he’ll jump in after her even if it means his own death. This becomes one of the themes of the film â€Å"You Jump, I Jump!† Jack first sees Rose as she is looking over the railing of the upper-class deck, it is love at first site and he knows that he has to be with her. I think that this is significant, because although he doesn’t know her he still wants to be with her, even thought he knows there is a vast class difference. I think the setting is significant in the places where the rich and poor are kept. The rich have expensive, luxurious rooms and a fancy dinning area, whereas the poor are kept in bunkers and have a large hall where the dance and socialise. The places where the poor are kept do not look expensive and are very dirty, and infested with rats. As the ship is sinking, it uses many shots, Long shot and close up. It uses long shots to show the ship from afar, there is not music and it is all dark. This shows the isolation of the ship and that it is very unlikely someone will arrive in time to save them. The close up shows the ships breaking apart and falling, it has very dramatic music in the background, and lots of screaming. The characters are all running around franticly and all the glamour of the ship seems to of faded. The atmosphere is created by the screams of the people, watching the ship fall apart. The emotion is created, by watching what is happening to these people, freezing to death, crying for help, desperately trying to get on a life boat. So desperate that they cut one down whilst drowning. My favourite parts of the film are where the ship sinks, and when Jack and Rose are stood on the edge of the ship. There is soft romantic music in the back ground, the main theme song, and there are close ups of their faces, showing the love on them, panning shot around them, stood on the edge, and point of view shots, where you see what Rose does on the edge of the ship. I think this sequence is important in the film because it shows that Rose doesn’t care about class boundaries either, she returns to him, and still loves him, even thought he is of a low class. Also it is the last time Titanic sees daylight. I think that â€Å"A Night to Remember,† another depiction of the historical event, made is 1958, and directed by Roy Baker, is similar to that of â€Å"Titanic.† The most fundamental difference centres on exactly what question each film is answering. â€Å"A Night to Remember† answers the question â€Å"How did the tragedy happen?† whereas â€Å"Titanic† answers â€Å"What was it like to live through it?† â€Å"A Night to Remember† shows us The Californian, the ship that failed to answer to Titanic’s distress call, whereas we aren’t shown that in â€Å"Titanic.† The shots are not that different, they use the same type, but the point of view is very different, â€Å"Titanic† uses a 1st person narrative, whereas â€Å"A Night to Remember† uses the 3rd person narrative. The treatment of the passenger is similar, but I think that the people in the life boats were treated differently on â€Å"Titanic† than â€Å"A Night to Remember.† I think that the way they are treated in â€Å"Titanic† is more like they would be. I think that James Cameron decided to have Rose die at the end of the film because it lets her return to Jack, and that his love for her is still strong, she has finally let go of what happened. She does this by dropping the â€Å"Heart of the Ocean† in the ocean. I think that it shows Rose with all her pictures with her because it shows how far she has come in life, the impact that Jack had on her. It shows her riding on a Horse like a man would do at that time and various other things she wouldn’t have done if she continued as she was before meeting Jack, like fly a plane. If she hadn’t met Jack, she wouldn’t have done any of these things. I think that the theme tune is significant, because it is titled â€Å"My Heart Will Go On,† I think this is saying that Rose’s love for Jack will continue even though he is dead, which is shown when she returns to him at the end. He is still waiting for her, and he still loves her. Even though their physical love has ended, their mental love will go o forever. I think that the film â€Å"Titanic† was made to retell the tragic events that happened, to make our generation live it all over again, get involved in it, be sad about it. By telling us the story, we can tell what it would have been like for someone who went through that, and we can emphasise with them more, and if a film can make someone do that, I think that it make them a better person for it. I think that the events that happened on April 14th 1912 are some of the most horrific and saddest I have ever heard of, and I think that this is a great film and it will truly be loved for generations to come.

Biography of Gregor Mendel essays

Biography of Gregor Mendel essays Often called the Father of Modern Genetics, Gregor Mendel gains his fame as the man who discovered the basic principles of heredity. Even though his research with pea plants was revolutionary, it was so ingenious and unparalleled at the time that it was disregarded. It took 34 years for the scientific community to even realize what he had done and the tremendous importance of his discoveries (Gasking). He was a dedicated researcher who spent every spare hour in the study of natural sciences. In the course of a few years at his quiet and humble monastery, he made breakthroughs that now rest as the centerpiece of one of the most important and latest of todays sciences heredity. Mendel was born in 1822 in the small town of Heinzendorf (Edelson, 19). His parents, Anton and Rosin Mendel, were both farmers so money was never plentiful in his household. His father scraped enough money together to send his son to school in Hyncice. One of the principles by which his school was run was money and property can be taken from me, but never the art of scientific knowledge. (Edelson, 23)The teachers noticed that young Gregor was unusually intelligent and arranged for him to attend a school at Lipnik which was about 16 miles from his home. His parents were having financial troubles at home so he decided to become a teacher. This way, he could tutor people and make money while still continuing his education. Mendel graduated from the Gymnasium, the rough equivalent of an American high school, at the age of 18 (Edelson, 23). He wanted to continue his education, but ran into more financial troubles. No one wanted his tutoring so he could not earn the money he needed for school. In 1941, he enrolled in the Philosophy Institute in Olomouc. He had difficulty in raising the money, but managed to finish with high grades in math and philosophy (Seung). In 1843, he entered an Augustinian monastery in Brunn, Austria...

PUSH essays

PUSH essays Pushy by Sapphire is a novel spoken through the voice of Claireece Precious Jones dealing with her experiences in the two major classrooms, one being her family setting and the other her education experiences. The novel contains many graphic descriptions of many touchy subjects including sexual abuse, AIDS, welfare, illiteracy, domestic violence, and the educational system. Claireece, or by her own demands Precious lives in Harlem, NY around the early 1980s. She talks about her relationships with her mother and father. These experiences that were never positive scar her for the rest of the novel and her life. It all basically started about the age of two where her mother and father were having intercourse and he reached over towards Precious and started to sexually abuse her. Shortly after this incident her mother as well began to start the abuse. Her mothers and fathers abuse was just like a one night stand but in fact was repetitive along with the demands of having to take care of house hold chores of cooking, cleaning, etc. At the age of twelve Precious gave to birth to a baby girl on the kitchen floor. Who was the father? Yes, sadly enough it was her father. The baby was born with Down syndrome and was referred to as lil mongo. Then at the age of 16 another child yes again by her father. The Childs name was Abdul. Lil mongo was taken care of by P reciouss grandmother but her own mother was getting welfare for supposedly taking care of both the new born and Precious. Shortly after Abduls birth Precious tells the truth to social services and lil mongo is then placed into a special home. This then causes Precious to leave her mothers house where she then finds residence in a home for young mothers and their children. Eventually, her mother comes to the house and tells her that her father had passed away and that he had HIV, which then was passed along to Precious via the sexually abuse. In the educational setting of Push,...

Paris Adult Theatre v. Slaton Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Paris Adult Theatre v. Slaton - Assignment Example To prove the seriousness of the matter, the complainant claimed that the films were contrary to section 26-2101 of the Georgia code, since their main themes were extremely immoral, and had negative impacts on the society and too openly addressed matters of sex (Cornell University Law School). The language of 26-2101 considered intentional distribution of obscene materials as a crime, and therefore provided criminal penalties to anyone found doing the same. However, these proceedings did not, in any way, base its arguments on that precedence. The state used a non-statutory civil proceeding to prove the materials as obscene and thereafter disapprove of their presentation to the public. The parties agreed that they would accept the court’s ruling, on the obscenity, as penultimate. However, the state did not say whether it would place a criminal action against the defendant if the obscenity of the films would be proven (Cornell University Law School). The hearing was set for January 13, 1971 by the trial court after receiving the complaints. As a result, the court ordered the defendants not to interfere with the films or even remove them from the jurisdiction. They were, however, not ordered to stop showing the films to the public. During the proceedings, the trial court watched the films and heard the testimonies from various witnesses. In addition, the court accepted photographs with outside look of the theatre. The witnesses confirmed that the theatre had the signs â€Å"Adults Only,† â€Å"You Must Be 21 and Able to Prove It,† and â€Å"If the Nude Body Offends You, Do Not Enter,† written on its exterior. The designs did not provide any further information on the contents of these films, and there were no pictures to entice the public to the films. No witness claimed to have seen any minor in the premise, even though there was no evidence that the

Information communication technology Research Proposal

Information communication technology - Research Proposal Example This research will explore and assess the used ICT and their impact on the performance of the Food and Beverage Department and Room Division of hotels from the perspective of employees. This research will examine (a) whether employees think that ICT is functioning in the two departments, and (b) whether they think that ICT has changed the manner customer service is provided and if retention of customer loyalty has been reinforced. Both quantitative—self-administered questionnaires—and qualitative—in-depth interviews—methods will be used as the study tries to find out observations, opinions, and views of line employees and managers. ICT provides numerous benefits for hotels. One of the most important benefits is improvement in customer service and customer retention due to the likelihood of direct and close communication with the customers. This study will look at the use of ICT in room division department and food and beverage department. As reported by Ham and colleagues (2005), because ICT has been evident to significantly affect competition, hotels have extensively depended on ICT to enhance customer service and customer satisfaction. Numerous researchers have discovered that there is positive correlation between application of ICT and quality of customer service. This study will examine how the room division department uses ICT to provide personalised customer care. Likewise, this study will examine how the food and beverage department employs ICT to provide premium food and service, manage bars, restaurants, and so on. After exploring how the room division department and food and beverage department use I CT, the research will examine how line employees and managers perceive the application of ICT in these departments and its impact on customer service and customer retention. Hospitality is service-oriented in nature, with its own unique attributes which

How Modern Business Can Remain Competitive Essay

How Modern Business Can Remain Competitive - Essay Example The concept of adopting Best Practices has ensured that many organizations, in varying degree have incorporated means of addressing above areas successfully, copying from the pioneers and thus nullifying the competitive advantages, which was developed by these early developers. In today’s globalize scenario, the competitive advantage lies in the manner an organization manages itself and specifically derive a competitive advantage through its human capital. Therefore, it is of crucial importance that companies develop their remuneration strategies to reward performance that will drive the organizational success. Evidence that the business environment is increasingly competitive is everywhere. Greater Free Trade has facilitated the movement of not only the traded goods but the factors of production as well. Organizations seeking competitive advantages are increasingly seeking out global locations, which offer a comparative advantage in terms of their factor endowment (Hill 2004). More and more companies from the developed world are moving its labor-intensive production facilities to low labor cost countries in the developing world. This is also facilitating an unprecedented level of technology transfer and facilitating the competitiveness of these developing nations’ products in terms of quality, efficiency, and productivity. Today developing countries like China, India, and Mexico pose cost competitions on an unprecedented scale for the world players, especially those who are operating in high wage cost in developed nations.   Thus it is of paramount importance that organizations in developed nations adopt their own strategies in managing their organizations, specifically the human capital to seek out areas of competitive advantage. This involves increasing productivity, efficiency and reducing costs through numerous aspects of Human Resource management involving better selection and recruitment, development and training, fostering of learning environments, fostering innovation, performance management and implementing effective rewarding strategies to drive performance.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

The Function of the Narrator in Blood Brothers Essay Example for Free

The Function of the Narrator in Blood Brothers Essay There are other instances of the characters showing that they can feel the narrators attendance. When Mickey and Eddie meet again, Mrs Lyons spots them sneaking off and can feel a cold shiver going down her spine, as she is afraid that they might find out the truth. The narrator is in the room with her and begins to speak, Did you really feel that youd become secure, And that the past was tightly locked away The imagery of this speech is quite threatening with undertones of criminality in phrases such as locked away, debts to pay and reckoning day. This reinforces the narrators malevolent nature and creates an atmosphere of foreboding to which Mrs Lyons reaction is one of fear. The narrator also speaks or shouts directly at other characters and although they cant see him they often move to face him. This suggests that they can hear what he is saying. The narrator often mirrors the thoughts of the characters signifying that he may be acting as their subconscious. One example of this is when Mrs Johnstone begins to feel regretful after giving away one of her sons. As she has sworn on the bible, she cannot turn to God and, as the narrator says, there Aint no point in clutching. At your rosary. Here the narrator seems to be telling of Mrs Johnstones thoughts and the echo of her earlier conversation with Mrs Lyons in And you cant tell anyone also seems to be doing this. Mrs Johnstone knows that she cannot tell anyone that she has sold a son because Mrs Lyons has stated that if they ever find out the truth they will both immediately die. The narrators speech before Eddie heads to university is an important part of the play. It takes us from when they are fifteen through the three years till they are eighteen and describes the beauty of youth and the carefree attitude that they have as teenagers. However, it also hints that the future will not bring the same happiness. The narrator says Young, free and innocent, you havent got a care Apart from decidin on the clothes youre gonna wear The streets turned into Paradise, the radios singing dreams Youre innocent, immortal, youre just fifteen. This sums up their love for life and the feelings of freedom that they have at that time. However, the narrator then follows with And whod dare tell the lambs in Spring, What fate the later seasons bring. Whod tell the girl in the middle of the pair The price shell pay for just being there. This speech is used as an effective dramatic device to show the passing of time. As the characters are larking about in the background the narrator is hinting towards a worrying future and this contrast between the tones has the effect of casting a shadow over the latter part of the story and upsetting the comfortable atmosphere created earlier. More clues to the future of the story lie later in the speech when the narrator says, How living could be anything other than a dream When youre young, free and innocent and just eighteen The Mickey, Linda and Eddie leave and the narrator continues. And only if the three of them could stay like that forever, And only if we could predict no changes in the weather, And only if we didnt live in life, as well as dreams And only if we could stop and be forever, just eighteen. The repetition of And only shows that there is regret that it cant stay like that but also that the change is inevitable. This is a turning point in the play and the language of the speech shows that the three young characters have reached their prime, and that from now on there can only be a downward slide towards the tragic ending that the narrator foretold at the beginning of the play. In conclusion the narrator acts as a pivotal character in the play. He demonstrates some traits of a usual narrator such as bridging large gaps of time with his speech and beginning and concluding the play. However, he is also a far more important character than most narrators because he seems able to influence the characters, which is not seen in other plays. The audience also never know the identity of the narrator and his character does not develop like the other actors, which makes him more isolated and, although there is a dramatic relationship between the audience and the narrator, does not allow the audience to create empathy with him.

Haydn :: essays research papers

Josef Franz Haydn   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The composer that we chose to do are report on is Josef Franz Haydn. Josef Franz Haydn was born on March 31, 1732. Haydn was born in Rohray, Austria. His parents were both peasants. His Father was Mathias Haydn, who was a wagoner. Haydn’s mother was Elizabeth Haydn.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Haydn’s father was a musical person. He could play the piano, and he could play the harp too. His mother could also play the piano very good. His father and mother would sit around in their house and play music, and Haydn was interested and wanted to learn how. By the time Franz Haydn was six years old, he could play the piano, violin, and the harpsichord. He could also sing very well. When Haydn was seven years old he joined the St. Stevens Church choir. He had success in the choir until he was seventeen.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When Haydn was seventeen years old his voice broke and he could no longer sing for the choir. He didn’t have any money, any home, and he didn’t have any friends or family that would help him. He was living on the streets for a few months. After a while one of his friends from the St. Stevens choir let Haydn stay with him because he felt sorry for him.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  All Haydn did in his free time was study music, mainly works done by Bach. He composed music for masses and started to make a living on music.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When Haydn was twenty-three years old he composed his first string quartet. He also married his wife, Maria Anne Keller. She was the daughter of a wig maker. They had troubles in their marriage and in a few years, they separated permanently. Haydn gave her money to live until his death. Haydn met Wolfgang Mozart for the first time in 1785 and a year later he composed his first symphony. Wolfgang Mozart said about Haydn,† He alone has the secret to making me smile, and touching me to the bottom of my soul.† Haydn and Mozart met often throughout his life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1970, Prince Ester Hazy died, letting Haydn take his place as a conductor of an orchestra in London. While he was conducting the London Orchestra, he composed six new symphonies, during this time he also composed some of his best and most famous works. This is what really helped his career.

Elementary Ethnography in the Movies

A not-so-usual moviegoer can create streams of thought inside the movie house, and the experience of being inside that large, dark hollow can be a quite vivid experience more than the plot of the film in the taking. This is the fine point of tangency of the two essays (sic) â€Å"The Magic of Moviegoing† (essay 1) and â€Å"Sit Down and Shut Up or Don’t Sit by Me† (essay 2). Besides this point of tangency, we see more divergence than convergence for the two essays. Basically, the two essays intentionally or unintentionally teach a lesson of simple social research. Employing the method of ethnography, Essay one draws up a conclusion of movie-going having several rituals in the process. This observation is characteristic of functionalist remark where daily human behavior is made up of different rituals, which serve its â€Å"function† or purpose.   Meanwhile, essay two utilizes the same observation method, but maintains the objective of watching a movie rather than remaining true to the objective research of the social science in action happening right before the author’s eyes. Ethnography employs participant observation – a process where â€Å"the researcher enters the group or situation that he or she is studying†¦to try to understand the motives and meanings of the group of people they are studying.†Ã‚   (Walsh, 2001: 67) The author of essay one amused himself for his discoveries inside the movie house as a participant observer. He says about the movie going ritual: â€Å"But there's another question, equally interesting, that seldom gets examined or even asked. It's not the What but the How of the matter: How do we watch the movies? How do we behave during this pop rite of going to the picture show?† The same amusement goes with the author of the second essay. He says of putting on the shoes of a famous socio-anthropologist, â€Å"I’ve amused myself with a Margaret Mead-like study of the way people come in and take their seats and their antics during the movie.† Analyzing from the point-of-view of the social research process, Essay one sticks with the object of the study – the group or the audience. Meanwhile, essay two keeps its observation only before the start of the film and shifts attention after the start of the film, thereby losing the consistency and intent of the study.   Thus, a small lesson for the student conducting a social research: be clear with your objective and remain objective with the study. Observations made in Essay one reflects behavior of people as a group or more formally, social psychology. Meaning, people act differently as an individual and as a group. The author realizes this by saying thus, â€Å"(the) convergence of disparate people turns into an audience.† Clearly, this is the reason why he posits that film viewing in the sala set is bland and lacking of the necessary effects to rival the vividness of experience and intensity of film viewing as a social experience. However, the first essay is quick to respond to the need of the second essay for attentiveness and ethics in watching movies. It said that, â€Å"when we are most truly alone, we are most truly an audience.† The author of the second essay would have been happy to know that the author of the former agrees with the point of etiquette inside the movie houses. Albeit implicitly, we are sure that second essay agrees that some sort of collective and social interaction during the movie proper is necessary to make the experience more fulfilling. In the whole, the two essays request the attention of movie buffs and the uninitiated alike.   One can be a student of sociology just by doing a thing we like most. A movie house can be a place full of lessons for the social research process. The catch is that one must have a keen eye and good sense of observation to capture life moments and scenes outside of the silver screen. REFERENCES: Atkinson, R. L., Atkinson, R.C., Smith, E., Bem, D., & Nolen-Hoeksma, S. (1953). Hilgard’s Introduction to Psychology, 628-638. Walsh, M. (2001). Research Made Real: A Guide for Students, 66-68.   

Benefits of a particular spreadsheet Essay

Benefits Potential Refinements In the spreadsheet there are a few refinements that could be changed in the spreadsheet including the graph, but then these are also little minor refinements that can be changed to make this spreadsheet more potentially better. First off all the graph could have been changed or even a new graph could be added in on the spreadsheet. Maybe some people can’t see the difference in a bar graph or can’t tell what the information can tell, so maybe another graph could be added like a pie chart or a line graph. This way people can tell which coach is better in price. Also the graph could have the number of coaches needed and how many coaches are available at that time of the day. Finally the graph can also have the details of the coaches, so when the user decides on which coach to use they can contact them and confirm their details. So over all the spreadsheet has many benefits than potential refinements that need doing, but on the over hand the refinements are not major errors on the spreadsheet.

Free Essays on Norman Rockwell Biography

Norman Rockwell Biography Norman Rockwell was February 3, 1894 in NYC  · At age 14 left high school to study art at the National Academy of Art.  · At 16 Rockwell was commissioned to paint 4 Christmas cards.  · 1911 Rockwell got his first gig illustrating children’s books.  · The job led him to other assignments including art editor for Boys Life Magazine.  · Rockwell studied with Thomas Fogarty this is where Rockwell learned the technical skills he relied on through out his career.  · 1916 at 22 Rockwell painted his 1st cover for the Saturday Evening Post.  · Over the next 47 yrs 321 Rockwell covers would appear on the Post.  · Rock well was married a total of 3 times and had 3 sons.  · Rockwell moved to Vermont in 1939 this is where Rockwell’s work began, more consistent, to reflect small-town America.  · In 1943 inspired by FDR’s address to Congress, Rockwell painted 4 Freedom paintings. Contemporary writers reproduced them in 4 consecutive issues of the post with essays.  · Rockwell’s Freedom of Speech, Freedom to Worship, Freedom to want and Freedom of Fear proved to be enormously popular.  · The paintings toured the US and through sales of war bonds raised $130 million for war efforts.  · 1953 Rockwell established a trust to preserve his artistic legacy by placing his works in the custodianship of the â€Å"Old Corner House Stockbridge Historical Society.† Later to become Norman Rockwell museum of Stockbridge.  · In 1977 Rockwell received the nations highest civilian honor, The Presidential Medal of Freedom, for his vivid affectionate portraits of our country.  · Rockwell died November 8, 1978 at age 84. Norman Rockwell prints have been reproduced more often than, Michael Angelo, Picasso and Rembrandt combined.... Free Essays on Norman Rockwell Biography Free Essays on Norman Rockwell Biography Norman Rockwell Biography Norman Rockwell was February 3, 1894 in NYC  · At age 14 left high school to study art at the National Academy of Art.  · At 16 Rockwell was commissioned to paint 4 Christmas cards.  · 1911 Rockwell got his first gig illustrating children’s books.  · The job led him to other assignments including art editor for Boys Life Magazine.  · Rockwell studied with Thomas Fogarty this is where Rockwell learned the technical skills he relied on through out his career.  · 1916 at 22 Rockwell painted his 1st cover for the Saturday Evening Post.  · Over the next 47 yrs 321 Rockwell covers would appear on the Post.  · Rock well was married a total of 3 times and had 3 sons.  · Rockwell moved to Vermont in 1939 this is where Rockwell’s work began, more consistent, to reflect small-town America.  · In 1943 inspired by FDR’s address to Congress, Rockwell painted 4 Freedom paintings. Contemporary writers reproduced them in 4 consecutive issues of the post with essays.  · Rockwell’s Freedom of Speech, Freedom to Worship, Freedom to want and Freedom of Fear proved to be enormously popular.  · The paintings toured the US and through sales of war bonds raised $130 million for war efforts.  · 1953 Rockwell established a trust to preserve his artistic legacy by placing his works in the custodianship of the â€Å"Old Corner House Stockbridge Historical Society.† Later to become Norman Rockwell museum of Stockbridge.  · In 1977 Rockwell received the nations highest civilian honor, The Presidential Medal of Freedom, for his vivid affectionate portraits of our country.  · Rockwell died November 8, 1978 at age 84. Norman Rockwell prints have been reproduced more often than, Michael Angelo, Picasso and Rembrandt combined....

Yahoo Case Analysis Example

Yahoo Case Analysis Example Yahoo Case Analysis – Case Study Example Yahoo case analysis Yahoo!’s Strategy and its Transition under the Different CEO’s Yahoo!’s original strategy was to capitalize on advertisement revenues for its income and profitability. This implied attraction and retention of advertisers through maintaining an audience base that the advertisers would target. The strategy experienced multiple transitions under different CEO’s but with the aims of sustaining profitability and value to investors. Semel replaced Koogle as the company’s chief executive and changed the strategy to target diversified sources of revenues that included job search services and music services. Acquisition of firms that offered this services became part of the strategy that also included development of the company’s own search engine. With the appointment of Bartz, Yahoo!’s strategy shifted to managerial efficiency and content quality in which reshuffles and employee turnover occurred. Transition in strategy al so occurred under Mayer with focus on employees’ morale, quality content, and innovation. These changes in strategy have however focused on ensuring profitability and satisfaction of the company’s investors. Marissa’s Initiatives for Configuring Yahoo, Remaining Challenges and Analysis of Success PossibilityMarissa Mayer has initiated diversified changes in her bid to configure Yahoo! She has offered employees new phones and free services at the cafeteria in an attempt to boost employees’ morale. She has also changed Yahoo!’s web page and brought in new talent for quality improvements. She has also changed the organization’s human resource tradition of working from home and required all employees to work from the company’s offices. Mayer has succeeded in reviving the company and the remaining challenges are need for sustainability and need for improvements. Based on her experience with a competing firm and the success that she has mad e, since previous executives failed to attain this, she is likely to succeed in ensuring sustainability and improvement in the firm’s revenue, investors’ satisfaction, and customers’ base.

Joy Harjo - Feminist, Indigenous Poet and Activist

Joy Harjo - Feminist, Indigenous Poet and Activist Born: May 9, 1951, Tulsa, OklahomaOccupation: Poet, Musician, Performer, ActivistKnown for: Feminism and American Indian activism, particularly through artistic expression Joy Harjo has been a significant voice in the rejuvenation of indigenous culture. As a poet and musician, she was influenced by the activism of the American Indian Movement (AIM) during the 1970s. Joy Harjos poetry and music often speak of individual womens experiences while examining larger cultural concerns and Native American  traditions. Heritage Joy Harjo was born in Oklahoma in 1951 and is a member of the Mvskoke, or Creek, Nation. She is of part Creek and part Cherokee descent, and her ancestors include a long line of tribal leaders. She took the last name Harjo from her maternal grandmother. Artistic Beginnings Joy Harjo attended the Institute of American Indian Arts high school in Santa Fe, New Mexico. She performed in an indigenous drama troupe and studied painting. Although one of her early band teachers did not allow her to play the saxophone because she was a girl, she picked it up later in life and now performs music solo and with a band. Joy Harjo had her first child at age 17 and worked odd jobs as a single mother to support her children. She then enrolled in the University of New Mexico and received her bachelors degree in 1976. She received her MFA from the prestigious Iowa Writers Workshop. Joy Harjo began writing poetry in New Mexico, inspired by the American Indian activist movement. She is recognized for her poetic subject matter that includes feminism and Indian justice. Books of Poetry Joy Harjo has called poetry the most distilled language. Like many other feminist poets writing in the 1970s, she experimented with language, ​form and structure. She uses her poetry and voice as part of her responsibility to her tribe, to women, and to all people. Joy Harjos poetic works include: The Last Song (1975), her first chapbook, a small collection of poems in which she began questioning oppression, including the colonization of Native land. What Moon Drove Me To This? (1979), Joy Harjos first full-length collection of poetry. She Had Some Horses (1983), considered one of her classics it explores the oppression of women, but also their spiritual lives and triumphant awakenings. In Mad Love and War (1990), an examination of both personal relationships and societal struggles of Native Americans. The Woman Who Fell From the Sky(1994), which won the Oklahoma Book Award in Poetry. How We Became Human: New and Selected Poems 1975-2001, a collection that looks back over her three-decade career as a poet. The poetry of Joy Harjo is rich with ​imagery, symbols, and landscapes. What do the horses mean? is one of her readers most frequently asked questions. In reference to meaning, she writes, Like most poets I dont really know what my poems or the stuff of my poetry means exactly. Other Work Joy Harjo was an editor of the anthology Reinventing the Enemys Language: Contemporary Native American Womens Writings of North America. It contains poetry, memoir, and prayer by Native women from more than fifty nations. Joy Harjo is also a musician; she sings and plays the saxophone and other instruments, including flute, ukulele, and percussion. She has released music and spoken word CDs. She has performed as a solo artist and with bands such as Poetic Justice. Joy Harjo sees music and poetry as growing together, although she was a published poet before she publicly performed music. She has questioned why the academic community would want to confine poetry to the page when most poetry in the world is sung. Joy Harjo continues to write and perform in festivals and theaters. She has won the Lifetime Achievement Award from the Native Writers Circle of the Americas and the William Carlos Williams award from the Poetry Society of America, among other prizes and fellowships. She has taught as a lecturer and professor at multiple universities throughout the Southwest United States.